Technology For Cancer Diagnosis / Prognosis And How People...

Abstract Aim of this project is to study opportunities and challenges of novel biosensor technology for cancer diagnosis/prognosis and how people perceive the technology in relation to the risk involve. Study shows the earlier cancer is been perceived in a person, higher chance of there being a cure for it. Lately, most cancers are detected and diagnosed after it has fully grown. Hence, sensitive and accurate methods for early detection of relevant biomarkers for clinical diagnosis are of essence and need to be adopted by hospitals, clinics and also self-check by patient. Biosensors are devices intended to detect biological markers in the body, through the conversion of a biological sensing event to an electrical signal which detects and†¦show more content†¦Cancer can be seen as a group of diseases with a genetic compound that can affect any part of the body. It is a major cause of death in the world, which is affecting 13% of the population, leading public health problem that comes with an economic burden. When cancer is detected in an early state, there is an increase in the chances of survival but when not, problems will rise up which hinders lack of sensitive thereby, making cancer difficult to locate because of the small amount of circulating cancer cells and low expression of biomarkers or specific molecular markers. CANCER BIOMARKERS A biomarker is generally defined as a biological molecule such as proteins; DNA etc. generated in the blood, body fluids, or tissues which gives signs of a normal or abnormal process or conditions or a state of a diseases [2]. A biomarker disputes to see how well a body can respond to a treatment for a disease or condition by focusing on the activity changes from normal level, which then becomes an indicator of the

Language in Indian Writing in English - 3662 Words

Language in Indian Writing in English I am here to present on the topic ‘Language in Indian Writing in English’. Basically I will be talking about the usage of language, the writing style, of blending language and culture and my analysis of it in the text - The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy. The story of the Indian English novel is really the story of a changing India. There was a time when education was a rare opportunity and speaking English was unnecessary. The stories were already there- in the myths, in the folklore and the umpteen languages and cultures that gossiped, conversed, laughed and cried all over the subcontinent. India has always been a land of stories, the demarcation between ritual and reality being very narrow.†¦show more content†¦The God of Small Things is not written in a sequential narrative style in which events unfold chronologically. Instead, the novel is a patchwork of flashbacks and lengthy sidetracks that weave together to tell the story of the Kochamma family. The main events of the novel are traced back through the complex history of their causes, and memories are revealed as they relate to each other thematically and as they might appear in Rahel’s mind, the main protagonist of the story. Although the narrative voice is omn iscient, or all-knowing, it is loosely grounded in Rahel’s perspective, and all of the episodes of the novel progress towards the key moments in Rahel’s life. This non-sequential narrative style, which determines the form of the novel, is an extremely useful authorial tool. It allows Roy a great deal of flexibility as she chooses which themes and events are most important to pursue. The author is able to structure her book so as to build up to the ideas and events at the root of the Kochamma family’s experience. One of the first elements of Roy’s writing that readers confront as they begin this novel is her creative vocabulary — creative in the sense that she makes up new words. In the first pages, forShow MoreRelatedDevelopment of the Indian English Novel1486 Words   |  6 PagesBy Indian English Writing, we mean that body of literature which is written by Indians in English. It could be in the form of poetry, prose, fiction or drama. English is not our mother tongue and we are not native speakers of English, yet when in the early decades of the nineteenth century, English was introduced as the medium of instruction in our educational system, Indians were able to read Western literature that was available in English. They found the languageRead MoreThe Indian Of Indian Literature1497 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage is a social artifact which gives symbolic representation to diverse experiences and works within a cultural boundary. Within linguistic-cultural landscape, literature takes place as a cultural phenomenon. English language has been internalized in the non-English speaking world in lieu of a universal linguistic heritage . But how far this adapted language has been able to express Indian experience or to what extent native Indian writers have been able to cope with this is a matter ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Arundhati Roy s The God Of Small Things 1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe relationship between language and resistance in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things, is a site of continuous contest and struggle. Roy assumes a position within Western discourse to communicate her ideas, all the while challenging and rejecting the very structure she inhabits. Through her writing, rather than seeki ng to enter the canon of postcolonial literature, Roy strives to redefine it. Throughout the narrative, she subverts the rules and boundaries of language, internally pursuing a desireRead MoreThe Postcolonial Writers May Not Achieve International Success1357 Words   |  6 Pagesin her native Bengali language, most of her works are translated into English and regional Indian languages. The credit for translating her works into English for the first time goes to Gayatri Spivak, who had translated Mahasweta’s â€Å"Draupadi† in 1981 and â€Å"Breast-Giver† (Stanadayini) in 1987. Since then many of her stories have been translated into English by other scholarly translators, and until now about a dozen translators have translated Mahasweta’s stories into English, among whom the foremostRead MoreDifferences Between Speech And Writing1699 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage is a unique and universal tool that we use to interact, communicate and convey ideas to eac h other. It is an integral part of our culture, that helps construct an identity while also empowering each person with the ability to express themselves. Language is described as being voluntary, symbolic and systematic. These key factors contribute to the two main expressions of language being speech and writing. Speech has existed since the dawn of humanity, whereas writing is thought to have beenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Hollow Men1434 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Devils Language† by Marilyn Dumont and â€Å"The Hollow Men† by T.S. Eliot are quite similar. They both critique their culture in the ways they see it. Nothing Is missing from each authors poem because it is critiquing the world as they have seen and learned from different experiences in their lives. Marilyn Dumont writes about â€Å"The great white way† (pg365, line 4) or white culture and the way that aboriginal culture is snuffed out or looked down upon. T.S. Eliot writes about people being to o cowardlyRead MoreThe Songs Of Freedom - Original Writing989 Words   |  4 Pages Songs of Freedom My definition of a great writer was someone who possessed a complex mind and was able to view the world in a way the average person cannot. Growing up, I never felt comfortable in my own skin. Writing for me, serves as an escape and is the only time I truly feel comfortable. When I write, I transform in to someone confident and liberated; I truly become myself. Coming from the Gambia, West Africa, I’ve always struggled with identity and who I was as a person. I never truly feltRead MoreHard Work : A Path For A Hard Worker845 Words   |  4 PagesStates. The first challenge that I faced upon my arrival to America was the English language. I still remember my first day of work at a convenience store. I was looking at the customers faces and trying to understand what they want. After a year I thought I improved my English skills, but when I took my accuplacer test for collage, I realized that I was nowhere near perfection. I worked hard in order to learn and improve my English. It was very difficult to study while working twelve hours a day; sevenRead MoreThe Life Of A New Language And An Invisible Woman By Writers Eva Hoffman And Bharati Mukherjee Essay1606 Words   |  7 Pagesperson might manufacture two identities: one of the old country and one of the new country. In the essays â€Å"Life in a New Language† and â€Å"An Invisible Woman†, writers Eva Hoffman and Bharati Mukherjee create a new identity to cope with the hardships of immigrating to a foreign country. However, while Hoffman reluctantly accepts her English persona, Mukherjee cannot balance her Indian side with her Canadian one and therefore leaves the country. The two essays explore the strains of changing oneself toRead MoreAdvantages Of English Language Teaching1593 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION In India, parents choose English as the medium of instruction for their children because English is the language of computers, language of business, language of science and technology and the list is endless. By grasping the mind-set of the parents and societal needs, the schools in India try to be monolingual by aspiring to fulfil the wish and objective of the parents. But the Indian societies are multilingual and hence the children who hail from diverse background fail to adapt to

Morag Insulin Dependent Diabetes Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Impact of diabetes and family life on Morags social and cognitive development? 2.What could be done to normalize Morags social and cognitive development? 3.How Morags brother, John, could be more actively involved in Morags care plan? Answers: Introduction The case talks about a young girl, Morag, who suffers from insulin dependent diabetes. She lives with her single mother and younger brother. Her mother is depicted as controlling, over protective and strict. Recently, she has been given an opportunity to attend a camp where she has successfully and responsibly taken good care of her health by herself. However, upon her return, she has not borne the fruits of her labor. This has led to an extreme level of frustration within Morag. This frustration has border lined to being self-destructive. Upon discussion with a counselor, it has been brought to notice that Morags mother has found her purpose of life in taking care of Morag and is finding it increasingly difficult to let that control slip away. This essay throws light on three things firstly, how her family life and disease affects her cognitive development. Secondly, recommendations to normalize the same. And lastly, if there is a role that her brother can play to take care of his s ister. 1.Diabetes has made Morag realize that she is different from others. She considers her disease a major hindrance in her life and is often worried what her friends might think about it. She notices that her brother is allowed much more freedom than herself despite being three years younger to her. This makes her upset. Piagets social and cognitive development theory clearly indicates that a girl her age starts to think logically and reason out things on a daily basis (Mischel, 2013). Once she started taking care of her own injections at the camp, she found it increasingly difficult to reason out why her mother needed to give her the injection. Unable to reason out lead to increased frustration (Simply Psychology, 2009). Her mothers parenting style is Authoritarian and hence leads to low responsiveness from her end (Parenting for brain, 2017). Authoritarian parents children often show behavioral problems and this is evidenced by the fact that Morag constantly has sugar drinks at school and often skips meals. This is a certain form of retaliation from her end. Children whose parents are that authoritarian and make all their decisions for them, have low social skills and this is why Morag barely has any friends. This is due to a lack of confidence in herself which has been due to the inability to make any decisions on her own. On the other hand, her mothers parenting style with her brother is rather permissive. He is allowed to go out and play with his friends. His behavior is not as sternly monitored (Johnson, 2011). Being in the same house, this is creating an internal conflict within Morag and is leading to increased frustration. 2. It has been stated that Morag remains depressed and unfulfilled. Measures to normalize her development must be taken at once so that the effect does not remain long term. Considering Vygotskys theory of cognitive development, Childrens intelligence is measured by their ability to learn from instructions. These teachers or instructors are often referred to as MKOs (More knowledgeable other), who can play the role of a teacher, parent, friend or guide (Very well, 2017). Once Morag went to the camp, she quickly and promptly learnt how to do her injections herself and took personal responsibility for her meals. This indicates a high level of intelligence and the frustration building within her was due to this lack of recognition for her intelligent self. According to Vygotsky, whenever a childs present level of development is not acknowledged, his or her potential level of development shrinks leading to a reduced zone of proximal development (Psychohawks, 2010). Another important aspect of Vygotskys theory is Scaffolding. Which clearly indicates that whenever parents do anything to support their children, they must learn to reduce their efforts depending on the childs growth (UDEMY, 2014). This progression of different levels of help is scaffolding. Using the zone of proximal development, Morags social and cognitive development can be shaped by recognizing her efforts to take care of herself and appreciating the same. Recognizing her current development and encouraging her further will increase her zone of potential development. Also, it is important that now she be given independence to do her injections by herself. Her mother must learn the art of Scaffolding. Absence of that will lead to further frustration and Morag will find it increasingly difficult to make decisions for herself when required. One more interesting fact to be kept in mind is resilience theory which indicates an individuals ability to successfully adapt to life tasks in the face of adversity (NCBI, 2013). It is said, people facing adversity often try to compensate in other areas of their life. Morag is brought up by a single mother and is suffering from insulin dependent diabetes at a really young age. This can be used as a tool for her self-motivation and encourage her to take more and better responsibility of her life. It is thus important that her mother must transfer the control of Morags life in to her hands slowly and gradually. 3. Vygotsky as well as Piaget, both indicate that social interactions and language impact a childs development. First and foremost her brother must understand and get a grip on the family situation. He must in detail know what his sister is going through. John must understand this in detail and help his sister increase her social circle. Family is the first social environment that anyone encounters. It has been noticed that john is allowed to play with his friends, in such circumstances, he must invite his sister and take more responsibility for her safety. If he were close to his sister, he would have probably been able to keep a check of her eating habits in her mothers absence. John must really put in a lot of efforts in spending more and more time with her sister and make her feel normal. He can also take an active part in learning from her sister. If he gives Morag a role of a teacher in certain aspects of his life, she will feel appreciated and important. References Johnson, L. E., Kelley, H. M. (2011). Permissive parenting style. InEncyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development(pp. 1080-1080). Springer US. Mischel, T. (Ed.). (2013).Cognitive development and epistemology. Academic Press. National Library of medicine, 2013 Resilience Theory, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3966565/, viewed on 28 September, 2017 Parenting for brain, 2017, Parenting styles, https://www.parentingforbrain.com/4-baumrind-parenting-styles/, viewed on 28 September, 2017 Psychohawks, 2010, Theories of cognitive development: Vygotsky, https://psychohawks.wordpress.com/2010/11/03/theories-of-cognitive-development-lev-vygotsky/, viewed on 28 September, 2017 Simply Psychology, 2009, Piaget, https://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html, viewed on 28 September, 2017 UDEMY, 2014, Vygotskys theory of cognitive development, https://blog.udemy.com/vygotskys-theory-of-cognitive-development/, viewed on 28 September, 2017 Very well, 2017, Four stages of cognitive development, https://www.verywell.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-2795457, viewed on 28 September, 2017

Law of Mirath Essay Example

Law of Mirath Paper Inheritance could also be dined as the terminology used to mean the science or method of division of the property of the deceased person among his/her successors. Muhammad Dashiki, a great and famous Muslim Jurist had defined succession as a science by which persons (heirs) who inherit are distinguished from those who do not; the knowledge also ascertain in most cases, the quantum of the shares each inheritor is entitled to take. It all centers around the estate left by a deceased person. The science of Mirth is Shari gives rules which guide as to who inherits and who is to be inherited and what shares go to the heirs. The rules of succession are based on the principles that property which belonged to the deceased should devolve on those who by reason of consanguinity or marital relations have the strongest claim to benefit from it. The death of a person brings about transfer of most of his rights and obligation to persons who survive him. The transmissible rights includes all rights to property as well as rights connected with property and other dependent rights, such as debt, right to compensation and the reimbursable obligations which are capable of being satisfied out of the deceases estate. There are some verses of the Curran which refers to inheritance mirth in one way or the other. For instance in the following verses. To Allah belongs the inheritance of the heavens and the earth; and Allah is well acquainted with all that you do. L The prophet of Allah (Karri) have also prayed to Allah to be given successor to inherit him where he says or said:- And remember Karri, when he cried to his Lord: O my Lord! Leave me not without off-spring, though you are the best of inheritors. 2 We will write a custom essay sample on Law of Mirath specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Law of Mirath specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Law of Mirath specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The one concerning the prophet of Islam, Muhammad (SAW) where the people of Aquarius in Make resorted to machination and taunts against him. They used to say about him that he was a man with no posterity referring to the early death of his sons. One of them once remarked, Do not be bothered with him; he will die without descendant and that will be the end of his mission. Thus, one could simply say, mirth is concern with the heir, the estate left by the ceases person, ten moment AT Illustrating ten estates all toner relents wanly are capable of being satisfies and the classes of the heirs. The Muslim law of inheritance takes into account the fact that the property of the deceased should be applied primary to the support of persons who were entitled to be first supported by the deceased in his life time, and who have greatly suffered by his death. The Muslim law of succession is very important, in fact it is even one of the most important aspect of the family law with its establish rules and regulations that is guiding it. There is even a prophetic sayings, conveyed by Bin Major and Dark Quinn in the epitome of Djakarta al Quarter, declares: Try to learn the knowledge of Afraid: teach this knowledge to the youth: the knowledge of Afraid is half of (the whole religions knowledge. It will be this knowledge that my mama will forget first. With the above Tahiti we can see how great importance is the acquisition of the knowledge of inheritance that knowing it amount to knowing half the religious knowledge. With the death off person, his female relatives and daughters became a co-sharer with their male counterpart as stated in the following verses of the Holy Curran: From what is left by parents and those nearest related there is a hare for men and a share for women whether the property be small or large a determinate charge. Unlike during the pre-lilacs era where females were denied the right of inheritance from the property of their deceased relatives and even considered them as part of the inheritance to be inherited together with the estate. In the law of succession, property of the deceased person are divided among his heirs in a democratic basis, instead of handing it all over to the eldest son, as it used to be during the Auxiliary period. It also takes in to consideration those closest relatives who were pendent on the deceased. When he was alive and made them to have a greatest benefit. Other relatives are also considered for inheritance like brother, sister, uncle, son of sister. There is on favoritism in the sharing of the property or estate left, and in the will where by the testator shows his or her preference to one person over the other by giving much to him or her and none or very little to the others. Allowance is also made for bequest, if the testator wishes to help a person or charitable cause. The making of a bequest is encouraged by the holy prophet, but t should not exceed one third of the total property, and should not be in favor of one of the heirs, but to the people outside the heirs or charitable organization or mosque and schools. Bequest or will is encouraged even before the final introduction of the Islamic law of inheritance where it says. It is prescribed when death approaches any of you, if he leaves any goods, that he make a bequest to parent and next if kin, according to a reasonable usage. This is due from Allah fearing person. If any one changes the bequest after hearing it, the guilt shall be on those who make the change. For Allah hears and knows all things. From all that has been said above, one can say that the rights and duties of the individual do not end with his death. This is illustrated by the rules of inheritance wanly regulate want must De cone rater ten eaten AT ten owner Ana Detour ten Tall division of the property among the heirs. The people in charge of disposing or dividing the estate are strictly warned to have the same fear in their mind as then would have if they had left a helpless family behind. They are to observe the principle of Justice, be kind and helpful.

East and West; The Yiddish Film essays

East and West; The Yiddish Film essays There is a lot of tension between modern culture and old culture in the film, East and West. Much intergenerational conflict occurs between Mollie and her father Morris and also between Mollie and the rest of the family from Poland. The differences between Mollie and her father and the rest of the family are immediately evident when they arrive in Poland. Morris is noticeably lacking the beard and traditional dress that most of the men have, and Mollie doesnt really fit in with her cropped hair cut, bold lipstick, and dress. On one of the holiest holidays of the Jewish year Mollie distances herself yet further from the traditional culture. Instead of following along in her prayer book Mollie slips a novel in and reads while she pretends to be praying. While she was supposed to be fasting all day she sneaks back to her relatives house and eats the meal that was prepared for that night. Once she returns from satiating her appetite her cousin Zelda complains of hunger pains; Mollie, not wanting to miss out on attention, also feigns hunger pains. She doesnt care about anyone except herself. Jealous of Zeldas wedding Mollie decides to steal some attention by staging a mock wedding. In all the excitement Jacob gets dragged away from his studies to be the groom. Jacob places a ring on Mollies finger, knowing that by Jewish law this will make them married. Despite being urged not to by all of the learned men Jacob places the ring on Mollies finger. Mollie is very upset about the whole marriage incident. Morris and Mollie consult the Rabbi who orders Jacob to set Mollie free. He refuses to obey the Rabbi and turns his back on tradition. Everyone in the old culture rejects him. Jacob longs to be accepted by the traditional society, but at the same time also wishes to please Mollie. Since he is an outcast of society Jacob decides to leave and live with his Uncle in Vienna. When h...

Words of Wisdom Quotes That Enrich Everyday Life

Words of Wisdom Quotes That Enrich Everyday Life Wisdom is the distilled knowledge that is created through experience and insight. It is not something only the educated have. Mankinds ancestors left behind a treasure trove of wisdom in the form of scriptures, folklore, and proverbs. Their wise words guide people through the meandering path of life through the legends, folk tales, and  sayings  that get passed from one generation to another. These words of wisdom can help guide your life. Read them once, and you will find them  interesting. Read them again, and you will perceive their depth. Sir Winston Churchill The price of greatness is responsibility. Khalil Gibran Yesterday is but todays memory, and tomorrow is todays dream. A little knowledge that acts is worth infinitely more than much knowledge that is idle. Out of suffering have emerged the strongest souls; the most massive characters are seared with scars. I have learned silence from the talkative, toleration from the intolerant, and kindness from the unkind; yet, strange, I am ungrateful to those teachers. ​Faith is a knowledge within the heart, beyond the reach of proof. Your children are not your children. They are the sons and daughters of Lifes longing for itself. They came through you but not from you and though they are with you yet they belong not to you. Theodore Roosevelt Do what you can, with what you have, where you are. Dalai Lama When you lose, dont lose the lesson. Berthold Auerbach Years teach us more than books. A. Maude Royden Learn to hold loosely all that is not eternal. Mark Twain Always do right. This will gratify some people and astonish the rest. Epictetus Decide who you must be, then do what you must do. Buddha What you are is what you have been, and what you will be is what you do now. Peace comes from within. Do not seek it without. We are formed and molded by our thoughts. Those whose minds are shaped by selfless thoughts give joy when they speak or act. Joy follows them like a shadow that never leaves them. Thich Nhat Hanh To be beautiful means to be yourself. You don’t need to be accepted by others. You need to accept yourself. William James The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook. Albert Einstein Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Self-development is a higher duty than self-sacrifice. Confucius Recompense injury with justice, and recompense kindness with kindness. What the superior man seeks is in himself; what the small man seeks is in others. Ignorance is the night of the mind, but a night without moon and star. Henry David Thoreau Do not hire a man who does your work for money, but him who does it for love of it. Kurt Vonnegut What should young people do with their lives today? Many things, obviously. But the most daring thing is to create stable communities in which the terrible disease of loneliness can be cured. Ralph Waldo Emerson Do not be too timid and squeamish about your reactions. All life is an experiment. The more experiments you make the better. Ruth Stafford Peale Find a need and fill it. Sun Tzu Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak. Jimi Hendrix Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens. Chinese Proverb The longer the explanation, the bigger the lie.

Assessment and Application of International Affairs Theories Essay

Assessment and Application of International Affairs Theories - Essay Example ce of international relations in the society, mainly the application of the IR theories in the aforementioned fields has immensely shaped human existence. The theoretical frameworks within the discipline assist in the explanation of the global activities/events, the identification of the most important international actors, and the different means of exertion of influence from the international platform. Moreover, the IR theories assist nations or heads of states and their foreign policy advisors during the conduction of foreign policy. There exist different IR theories that work towards the presentation of the critical events and happenings around the world. These theories assist governments in the processes of policy making, relations with other governments, and activities that occur among nations. These theories include liberalism, neo-liberalism, classical realism, constructivism, post-structuralism, Marxism, and post-modernism. These are not, however, the only IR theories. While some may be insufficient in the explanation of the aforementioned, there are theories that can be combined to offer an articulate elucidation of global events, government relations and foreign policy, and the issue of power and interaction. Among the outlined theories, liberalism, classical realism, and post structuralism are the most effective in the explanation the contemporary and past experiences in the world, and the actors that exert international influence. In addition, these theories are the most effective in offering heads of states the assistance they need in conducting foreign policy. The application of the liberalism theoretical framework of the international theory can offer an articulate explanation of the relations among governments, and major occurrences that involve decisions by the heads of states. The development of theory emanates from the society’s quest to explain the relations through the disregard of classical realism. However, emphasizes on the exploration

I want to buy health insurance by myself Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

I want to buy health insurance by myself - Essay Example Thus, this factor underlines the case importance of medical cover, which comes in a variety of programs for an individual to make a choice. As students, we also need to plan for any misfortune, since we cannot tell of future occurrences. However, what happens when you cannot rely on a program meant to help you in case of a misfortune? Does such a program guarantee you a safe future? While acknowledging the Oklahoma Christian University Administration’s noble intentions in their medical cover program, this expose posit that the cover does not meet its intended purpose and hence the administration should allow students to arrange for their own cover. The initial purpose of any health insurance, or a medical cover, is to ensure that there was proper care of an individual’s body and health. In this regard, a medical cover should be a permanent arrangement that we can all rely on and avail at the appropriate time in case of a serious health disorder. In this regard, an individual’s health is at risk once the medical cover is not dependable. Case in point, our University’s medical cover is not one of the reliable. For instance, a colleague became sick, while in school, and we had to dig deep into our pockets and arrange for an ambulance, which took him to the hospital. This is despite the fact the colleague had paid for medical cover in the University. Thus, the failure of the University to meet such basic costs underlines the undependable nature of the medical cover. At this instance, we pause and ask the question of what would have been the consequence of us not raising money for the ambulance. This can only m ean that the investable would have happened. While medical cover should keep you insured against serious illnesses, our University cover does not cover even the most of basic illnesses like vision and teeth. We all know that

International Preliminary Examination Essay Example for Free

International Preliminary Examination Essay International preliminary examination is an optional feature of the international phase available under Chapter II of the PCT. It is performed by an International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA), one of the Offices which are also International Searching Authorities (ISAs) [see Module 7]. The receiving Office with which you filed your PCT application has appointed the IPEA which is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“competentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to perform international preliminary examination. If your receiving Office has appointed more than one competent IPEA, you can choose between them, taking into account differing requirements relating to search, such as language, fees, etc. The international preliminary examination gives you the benefit, before entering the national phase, of an assessment from an IPEA on whether your invention appears to be novel, involves an inventive step (non-obvious), and is industrially applicable. This may provide you with greater certainty on your chances of obtaining a patent. You may consider international preliminary examination if, as a result of the international search and the written opinion of the ISA, your PCT application needs to be amended in order to overcome objections previously raised in the written opinion of the ISA. During the international preliminary examination procedure, you can amend the description, claims and drawings of your PCT application. This enables you to further refine your PCT application, which will be useful during the patent granting procedures in the national phase. While international preliminary examination is not binding for the purposes of national or regional examination, it is increasingly seen by national and regional Offices as highly persuasive. It may, in some Offices, result in a reduced examination fee in the national or regional phase. 9.1 The Demand The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“demandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is a PCT term that is used to describe the request for international preliminary examination. The demand automatically indicates that you intend to use the results of international preliminary examination in all PCT countries. The Offices of the countries where the international preliminary examination results will be used are referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“electedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Offices. The demand must be made on a printed or computer generated form [Form PCT/IPEA/401] and must contain certain indications, all of which are clearly identified on the form. It must be submitted, with very limited exceptions, to a competent IPEA within three months from the date of transmittal to the applicant of the ISR and the written opinion of the ISA, or within 22 months from the priority date, whichever period expires later. If the demand is filed with an IPEA which is not competent for carrying out international preliminary examination, or with a receiving Office, an ISA or the International Bureau, it will be transmitted by that Office or Authority either directly to the competent IPEA, or first to the International Bureau which will in turn transmit it to the competent IPEA. Generally, the original filing date of the demand will be retained. If the language in which your PCT application was searched or the language in which it was published is not accepted by the IPEA, you will be invited to furnish a translation within one month from the date of the invitation. If you do not furnish the missing translation in time, the IPEA will consider the demand not to have been submitted. 9.2 Amendment of the Description, Claims, Drawings When you file the demand, or before the start of international preliminary examination, you have an opportunity to amend your PCT application (description, claims, and drawings). These amendments are commonly referred to as Article 34 amendments. Any amendments that you make may not go beyond the disclosure of your PCT application as originally filed. As far as the claims are concerned, this is a second opportunity for amending them before the international preliminary examination starts (the first being by way of Article 19 amendments submitted to the International Bureau after receipt of the international search report). In practice, most applicants filing a demand for international preliminary examination do not make use of the possibility of amending the claims under Article 19, unless publication of the amendments is desired [see Module 8 section 8.2]. Where it is clear from the references cited in the ISR and the written opinion of the ISA that the PCT application requires amendments, applicants typically furnish their amendments to the IPEA together with the demand. 9.3 Written Opinion of the IPEA The written opinion of the ISA is generally used as the first written opinion of the IPEA, particularly if the ISA and the IPEA are the same. In this case, you will most likely not receive a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“secondà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  written opinion from the IPEA. You should therefore file any Article 34 amendments and/or any arguments in relation to the written opinion of the ISA together with the demand. International preliminary examination does not usually start until after the ISA has drawn up the ISR and the written opinion. You may wait for these documents before deciding whether to proceed further with the PCT application by filing a demand for international preliminary examination. The cost of the examination need not be incurred before it is clear, from the results of the ISR and the written opinion of the ISA, that the invention claimed in the PCT application is not clearly lacking novelty and inventiveness. If the IPEA and ISA are the same, the Office may decide to start international preliminary examination at the same time as the international search, except where, under certain circumstances, the applicant has requested that international preliminary examination be postponed. If, exceptionally, a second written opinion is established by the IPEA, you may have additional opportunities to file amendments during the international preliminary examination. The number of opportunities for filing amendments which will be available depends very much on the time available for international preliminary examination. The international preliminary examination report must in general be drawn up not later than 28 months from the priority date. Any amendments you file after the examiner has begun to draw up the report can no longer be taken into account. Should you wish to make further amendments (which can no longer be filed during the international phase), they can still be filed with elected Offices on entering the national phase. No elected Office may grant or refuse a patent before the expiration of the time limit for amending the application for the purposes of the grant procedure in the national phase. Each national chapter of the PCT Applicants Guide gives details as to when and how amendments may be filed during the national phase [see Module 10]. 9.3.1 Response to the Written Opinion of the IPEA Exceptionally, you may receive an additional written opinion from the IPEA [Form PCT/IPEA/408], with an invitation to respond, before the international preliminary examination report is drawn up. In such a case, you may present further amendments or arguments. Informal communications between the IPEA and the applicant are expressly provided for under the PCT. Consistent with the non-binding, preliminary nature of the international preliminary examination, there is no provision for a formal review of an examiners opinion, except on disputed findings of lack of unity of invention [see Module 7 section 7.1.2]. International preliminary examination can thus be compared to a regular patent examination in an examining patent Office with one exception; namely, in that the time limits set by the examiner for the response are usually much shorter than under the normal examination procedure. A prompt reaction is required from you during preliminary examination in order for the international preliminary examination to be completed within the limited time available. 9.4 The International Preliminary Report on Patentability (Chapter II) International preliminary examination ends with the drawing up of an International Preliminary Report on Patentability (Chapter II) as prescribed under Chapter II of the PCT à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" commonly referred to as an IPRP (Chapter II) [Form PCT/IPEA/409]. The IPRP Chapter II is typically drawn up before the expiration of 28 months from the priority date. The IPRP (Chapter II) is a non-binding opinion, which essentially contains a statement, in relation to each claim, on whether it appears to satisfy the criteria of novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability as defined in the PCT. The statement is accompanied by the citation of the documents believed to support that conclusion. Further explanations are given where the circumstances of the case so require. No statement may be made on the question whether the invention would be patentable under the national law of any elected State. If the report is based on the PCT application in an amended form, a copy of all sheets containing amendments will be annexed to the report. The IPEA transmits the IPRP (Chapter II) to the applicant and to the International Bureau. The report is established in the language in which the PCT application concerned is published or, if the international preliminary examination is carried out on the basis of a translation of the PCT application, in the language of the translation. The International Bureau must then translate, if necessary, the report into English to meet the language requirements of some elected Offices. Only the IPRP (Chapter II) is translated, not the annexes. The transmittal of the IPRP (Chapter II) completes the international procedure under Chapter II. The IPRP (Chapter II) is not accessible to persons other than the applicant and the elected Offices during the international phase. Neither the International Bureau nor the IPEA may, unless requested or authorized to do so by the applicant, give information on the issuance of an IPRP (Chapter II) or on the withdrawal or non-withdrawal of the demand or of any election, except for communications or access provided to elected Offices. Upon receipt of the IPRP (Chapter II) (at the latest, at about the 28th month from the priority date), you have until the expiration of 30 months from the priority date in which to evaluate it and to decide whether to proceed further by entering the national or regional phase before the elected Offices. If a translation of the PCT application must be furnished to the elected Office upon entry into the national phase, it must usually include a translation of the PCT application as originally filed, and of the amendments appearing in the annexes to the IPRP (Chapter II). The translation requirements of the annexes vary somewhat among the elected Offices. The national chapter relating to each elected Office in the PCT Applicants Guide indicates the applicable requirements.

Death of A Salesman as a Modern Tragedy Essay -- Death Salesman loman

Death of A Salesman as a Modern Tragedy      Ã‚   It has been stated that the audience needs to have mixed feelings about the destruction of a human being for a play to be a tragedy. To establish Death of A Salesman as a tragedy, we must demonstrate that not only does the audience feel sadness due to Willy’s demise, but also they feel that justice has been exacted on Willy for his behavior. As this is the case I will first examine the reasons why the audience feels sadness for Willy, and then go on to see why it is that the audience also feels that Willy deserves the punishment which fate hands him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     It is obvious throughout Death of A Salesman that Willy Loman’s life is bad, and that it is getting worse, despite Willy’s dreams and aspirations. His first major problem is with his job. From the very first scene we see that all is not well. Willy has returned from a work trip the same day as setting out for it, and it is made obvious that this is not the first occurrence of an incident of this type. Thus the audience is aware that Willy has problems with his job, and it is not long before they find out that Willy having trouble getting to work is the least of his problems. The real problem lies at work itself. It appears that despite all of Willy’s bragging, he is not actually a very successful salesman (the lack of people at his funeral perhaps indicates not only that he isn’t one, but also that he never was a particularly good one in the first place). He has in fact been ‘borrowing’ money fr om Charley to make Linda think that he is still successful. Willy lies so often about his work (as well as other things), that he has almost made himself believe his own lies, and one of the only indications to the contrary is... ...acter in the play inspires several different sentiments, including Linda who despite being loyal is too subservient for her own good, and Biff, who despite the fact that he is honest and has good intentions, is too direct to help matters very much.    Works Cited Eisinger, Chester E. "Focus on Arthur Miller's 'Death of a Salesman': The Wrong Dreams," in American Dreams, American Nightmares, (1970 rpt In clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1976 vol. 6:331 Foster, Richard J. (Confusion and Tragedy: The Failure of Miller's 'Salesman' (1959) rpt in clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1983 vol. 26:316 Gardner, R. H. ("Tragedy of the Lowest Man," in his Splintered Stage: (1965) rpt in clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1983 vol. 2l6:320 Gordon, Lois "Death of a Salesman": An Appreciation, in the Forties: 1969) rpt in clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1983 vol. 26:323   

Biblical Accuracy

January 3, 2012/17 Rhetoric I Ask In Kennedy's inaugural address he pledges to help the people around the world who â€Å"struggle to break the bonds of misery. † He wishes to help these people because it is the right thing to do. This shows that there was much poverty around the world at the time. Even the rich needed help; Kennedy said, â€Å"If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, then it cannot save the few who are rich. † Kennedy also wanted to assure the survival and success of liberty. He wanted every nation to know that America would do anything to preserve and spread liberty. In his inaugural address, Kennedy uses the oxymoron â€Å"peaceful revolution. † He was referring to the peace he wanted to maintain with Mexico. Likewise Kennedy wanted to pursue and attain world peace. In his 1961 inaugural speech, Kennedy states numerous times the achievement of world peace. He understood that peace would be difficult to accomplish. Therefore he made a request to the enemy to begin anew a quest for peace. He states that the only way to achieve peace would be to have â€Å"arms sufficient beyond doubt† because only then will they be certain to never be used on each other. Yet peace is a distant dream because both sides are frantic to not be outdone by the opposing force. Which goes back to what Kennedy said, â€Å"let us begin anew. † A way to achieve harmony is to â€Å"let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate. † Another way to attain serenity according to Kennedy, is to have both sides explore what will unite them instead of dwelling on what separates them. Lastly, a way to unite the world would be to explore the endless wonders of science together. Kennedy explains this specific road to tranquility by using parallelism. Kennedy's words on obtaining peace suggest that a war, the cold war precisely, was occurring. John F. Kennedy is considered to be one of America's greatest presidents. It's not hard to see why with his elaborate, inspirational speeches. Kennedy loved America and wanted the best for her, peace, freedom, unity, and liberty. It was JFK that said these motivational words, â€Å"United, there is little we cannot do†¦ Divided there is little we can do. â€Å"

Jawaharlal Nehru Essay

Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India. His Prime-Minister-ship was marked by social and economic reforms of the Indian state. A number of foreign policy landmarks like the founding of the Non-Aligned Movement also marked the tenure of Jawaharlal Nehru as Prime Minister. Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime Minister on the 15th of August 1947. His ascension was plagued by controversy and a bitter power struggle within the Congress Party. The internal struggle of the party was symptomatic of the larger struggle within the Indian Republic itself. The initial period of Jawaharlal Nehru as Prime Minister was marked by communal violence. Jawaharlal Nehru was forced to concede the creation of Pakistan as per the wishes of the Muslim League leader the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Communal violence enveloped the entire country during this period. Maximum bloodshed was witnessed in the national capital Delhi. The Indian states of Punjab and West Bengal also witnessed fierce bloodshed. The first Prime Minister tried to defuse the explosive situation by visiting the violence affected areas. He toured the riot stricken areas with Pakistani leaders to reassure those affected by the violence. Nehru promoted peace in Punjab during that momentous period in Indian history. The secular nature of Jawaharlal Nehru was best exemplified during those times. He took active steps to safeguard the status of Indian Muslims. The first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was one of the first Indian policymakers to understand the importance of cottage industries in the Indian economy. The development of such small scale industries infused much needed production efficiency into the rural Indian economy. The Cottage Industries also helped the agricultural workers to have a better quality of life. This is due to the additional profits generated by the farming community.

Free Essays on Earthquakes

Earthquakes I. Seismic Waves to Study Earth’s Interior A. Travel Time, Reflection, Refraction of P & S Waves 1. Travel time of body waves gives us VP, VS, and (density) as a function of depth. 2. Velocity of P & S waves increases with depth. B. Earth’s Layered Composition 1. Crust a. Quartz, feldspar, and basalt. b. Continental Crust Mostly quartz and feldspar. Lower density than oceanic crust. Variable thickness (10-50 km). c. Oceanic Crust Mostly basalt. Higher density than continental crust. Uniform thickness (10 km). d. Isostacy Crust floats in equilibrium on the denser mantle beneath. 2. Mantle a. Ultramafic Rocks Olivine. Pyroxene. b. Low velocity zone: Convection in mantle distributes heat evenly. c. Polymorphic phase transition 400 km and 660 km. Pressure changes the crystal structure of minerals causing a slow in seismic wave velocity. 3. Core a. Core-Mantle boundary 2913 km. b. Nickel and FE. c. Inner core is 6271 km deep. d. Outer core boundary is 2900 km deep. e. Liquid outer core TM: Melting temperature of ultramafic rocks. S waves cannot propagate through the outer core (liquid). Iron, oxygen, and silicon. C. Mantle is mostly olivine. 1. Seismic waves a. VS, VP, and measured in lab match seismic measurements. 2. Zenolith a. Mantle rocks found in volcanoes with deep roots contain olivine. b. Kimberlite Volcanoes Mantle material brought up very quickly contains olivine and diamonds. Do not erupt anymore. 3. Ophiolite Suite a. Oceanic crest that’s been abducted onto continental crust contains olivine and the moho. 4. Primitive meteorites a. Examining carboneous chondrites (primitive meteorites) with olivine. D. Iron Catastrophy 1. This is how the earth became layered. 2. 4.3 billion years ago. II. Interpreting Seismograms A. Seismograms 1. Short period instruments: T 1 second (body waves).... Free Essays on Earthquakes Free Essays on Earthquakes Earthquakes Throughout history, man has made many advancements. These advancements have been made to make life easier. The one thing man can't do is to control Mother Nature. Mother Nature can cause many things such as earthquakes. The causes of earthquakes have been theorized in many ways. According to the book Predicting Earthquakes by Gregory Vogt, the Greeks, "blamed the earthquakes on Poseidon, god of the sea"(25). The Hindu believed that "the earth was a platform that rested on the back of eight great elephants. When one of the elephants grew weary, it lowered and shook its head causing the ground above to tremble"(Vogt 25). Margaret Poynter writes "many primitive people thought that the earth rested upon the back of some sort of animal. When that animal became restless, great cracks appeared in the ground, and tall trees swayed and fell. In South America, the animal was a whale. In Japan, it was a great black spider or giant catfish. One ancient tribe thought that four bulls supported the earth on their horns. To amuse themselves, they sometimes tossed it from one to another"(6). In the same book, Poynter says "The Chinese believed that monsters lived in the caves inside the earth. When the creatures fought, the surface of the earth trembled (6)." "In Greece, it was not an animal, but a titan named Atlas who was condemned to support the world upon his shoulders. Later, about the third century B.C., a Greek philosopher, Aristotle, had a more scientific explanation. He thought that earthquakes occurred only when hot air masses tried to escape from the center of the earth. Two centuries later, Lucretius, a Roman, wrote that underground landslides caused the earth's surface to move"(Poynter 7).2 Last Name Today, scientists have found a more logical reason to earthquakes. Scientists say almost 600 million years ago, all the continents were connected to form a huge super continent c... Free Essays on Earthquakes Until the 18th century, earthquakes were thought to be caused by air rushing out of caverns deep in the Earth's interior (Watson). But we all know that is not how an earthquake happens. The earth’s surface is broken into seven large plates (â€Å"Major plates in the world†). There are also many other little plates on the surface but seven main ones. Each one of these plates is approximately 50 miles thick and moves against each other a few inches a year (USGS). The seven main plates in the world are: Eurasian plate, Pacific plate, North American plate, Nazca plate, South American plate, Australian plate, and Antarctic plate (Major plates in the world). When the plates move against each other, it’s not just your average plate rubbing. There are three different types of movements at the boundaries of the plates: convergent, divergent and transform-fault (â€Å"Major plates in the world†). A convergent movement is when plates move tword each other and colide. An example is when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate. The oceanic plate slides under the continental plate making a huge ocean trench. This is called a subduction and you can find it where the Nazca plate and the continental Sout American plate (â€Å"Major plates in the world†). When continental plates collide, they form new major mountain systems such as the Himalyans (Watson). A divergent movement is when plates move away from each other. The mid-Atlantic ridge is from a divergent movement (â€Å"Major plates int the world†). When plates diverge, hot molten rock rises, cools, and fills in the emty spaces adding new formation to the edges of the oceanic plates (Watson). This is also known as sea-floor spreading. (â€Å"Major plates in the world†). A transform movement is when two plates move horizontal on each other A perfect example of this is the San Andreas fault (â⠂¬Å"Major plates in the world†). Los Angelas lies on the Pacific plate and is slowly moving... Free Essays on Earthquakes Earthquakes I. Seismic Waves to Study Earth’s Interior A. Travel Time, Reflection, Refraction of P & S Waves 1. Travel time of body waves gives us VP, VS, and (density) as a function of depth. 2. Velocity of P & S waves increases with depth. B. Earth’s Layered Composition 1. Crust a. Quartz, feldspar, and basalt. b. Continental Crust Mostly quartz and feldspar. Lower density than oceanic crust. Variable thickness (10-50 km). c. Oceanic Crust Mostly basalt. Higher density than continental crust. Uniform thickness (10 km). d. Isostacy Crust floats in equilibrium on the denser mantle beneath. 2. Mantle a. Ultramafic Rocks Olivine. Pyroxene. b. Low velocity zone: Convection in mantle distributes heat evenly. c. Polymorphic phase transition 400 km and 660 km. Pressure changes the crystal structure of minerals causing a slow in seismic wave velocity. 3. Core a. Core-Mantle boundary 2913 km. b. Nickel and FE. c. Inner core is 6271 km deep. d. Outer core boundary is 2900 km deep. e. Liquid outer core TM: Melting temperature of ultramafic rocks. S waves cannot propagate through the outer core (liquid). Iron, oxygen, and silicon. C. Mantle is mostly olivine. 1. Seismic waves a. VS, VP, and measured in lab match seismic measurements. 2. Zenolith a. Mantle rocks found in volcanoes with deep roots contain olivine. b. Kimberlite Volcanoes Mantle material brought up very quickly contains olivine and diamonds. Do not erupt anymore. 3. Ophiolite Suite a. Oceanic crest that’s been abducted onto continental crust contains olivine and the moho. 4. Primitive meteorites a. Examining carboneous chondrites (primitive meteorites) with olivine. D. Iron Catastrophy 1. This is how the earth became layered. 2. 4.3 billion years ago. II. Interpreting Seismograms A. Seismograms 1. Short period instruments: T 1 second (body waves).... Free Essays on Earthquakes Earthquakes Earthquakes have plagued our lives for as long as people have inhabited the earth. These dangerous acts of the earth have been the cause of many deaths in the past century. So what can be done about these violent eruptions that take place nearly with out warning? Predicting an earthquake until now has almost been technologically impossible. With improvements in technology, lives have been saved and many more will. All that remains is to research what takes place before, during, and after an earthquake. This has been done for years to the point now that a successful earthquake prediction was made and was accurate. This paper will discuss a little about earthquakes in general and then about how predictions are made. Earthquake, â€Å"vibrations produced in the earth's crust when rocks in which elastic strain has been building up suddenly rupture, and then rebound.†(Associated Press 1993) The vibrations can range from barely noticeable to catastrophically destructive. Six kinds o f shock waves are generated in the process. Two are classified as body waves-that is, they travel through the earth's interior-and the other four are surface waves. The waves are further differentiated by the kinds of motions they impart to rock particles. Primary or compressional waves (P waves) send particles oscillating back and forth in the same direction as the waves are traveling, whereas secondary or transverse shear waves (S waves) impart vibrations perpendicular to their direction of travel. P waves always travel at higher velocities than S waves, so whenever an earthquake occurs, P waves are the first to arrive and to be recorded at geophysical research stations worldwide.(Associated Press 1993) Earthquake waves were observed in this and other ways for centuries, but more scientific theories as to the causes of quakes were not proposed until modern times. One such concept was advanced in 1859 by the Irish engineer Rob...

Maryland Vital Records - Births, Deaths and Marriages

Maryland Vital Records - Births, Deaths and Marriages Learn how and where to obtain birth, marriage, and death certificates and records in Maryland, including the dates for which Maryland vital records are available, where they are located, and links to online Maryland vital records databases. Maryland Vital Records:Division of Vital RecordsDepartment of Health and Mental Hygiene6550 Reisterstown RoadBaltimore, MD 21215-0020Phone: (410) 764-3038 or (800) 832–3277 What You Need to Know:Personal check or money order should be made payable to Division of Vital Records. Call or visit the Web site to verify current fees. All requests MUST include the signature and a photocopy of a valid photo ID of the individual requesting the record. The state of Maryland does not accept payments for vital records certificates by credit card, but you can process requests with a credit card through VitalCheck. Web site: Maryland Vital Statistics Administration Maryland Birth Records: Dates: From 1898 (from 1875 in Baltimore City) Cost of copy: $24.00 Comments: Access to birth records in Maryland is restricted to the individual named on the certificate, the parent or guardian of that individual, the surviving spouse, a court-appointed guardian, or an authorized representative of the individual or a parent listed on the certificate.. With your request for a Maryland birth certificate, include as much as you can of the following: the name on the birth record being requested, date of birth, place of birth (city or county), fathers full name, mothers full name (including her maiden name), your relationship to the person whose certificate is being requested, your daytime telephone number with area code, your handwritten signature and complete return mailing address.Application for Maryland Birth Certificate * Maryland birth records more than 100 years old (from 1878 in Baltimore City and 1898 for the rest of the state) are available from the Maryland State Archives with no access restrictions. Earlier birth records (from 1865) may be available for certain counties. The fee is $12.00 for a plain copy and $25 per certified copy. Request must include the full name, approximate date of birth and county. Maryland State Archives350 Rowe Blvd.Annapolis, MD 21401Phone: (410) 260-6400Web site: Maryland State Archives Online:  Maryland Births and Christenings, 1650–1995 (free, index only) Maryland Death Records: Dates: From 1898 (from 1875 in Baltimore City) Cost of copy: $24.00 Comments: Access to death records in Maryland is restricted to surviving relatives of the deceased or their authorized representatives, and individuals who have a proven legal need. The State Vital Records Division only issues certified copies of death certificates for individuals who died from 1969 to the present. Earlier death records are available from the Maryland State Archives. With your request for a Maryland death certificate, include as much as you can of the following: the name of the deceased, date of death, place of death (city or county), your relationship to the person whose certificate is being requested, your purpose for needing the copy, your full name, current address, daytime telephone number with area code and handwritten signature.Application for Maryland Death Certificate * Maryland death records prior to 1969 (from 1878 in Baltimore City and 1898 for the rest of the state) are available from the Maryland State Archives with no access restrictions. Earlier death records (from 1865) may be available for certain counties. The fee is $12.00 for a plain copy and $25 per certified copy. Request must include the full name, approximate date of death and county. Online: Maryland Death Index, 1898-1944 (free) *Includes Baltimore City deaths back to 1875Maryland Church, Death Burial Index, 1686–1958 (free)Maryland Deaths and Burials, 1877–1992 (free, index only) Maryland Marriage Records: Dates: Varies by county Cost of Copy: Varies Comments: The state vital statistics division only issues certified copies of marriage certificates from 1990. For marriage records prior to 1990, send your request to the Clerk of Circuit Court in the county where the marriage license was issued or the Clerk of Common Pleas of Baltimore City for marriage licenses issued in the city of Baltimore. Copies of marriage records from 1777 through 1950 can also be obtained through the Maryland State Archives. Online: Maryland Marriage Records Index 1655-1850 (subscription only)Maryland Marriages, 1666–1970 (free, index only) Maryland Divorce Records: Dates: Varies by county Cost of copy: Varies Comments: Send your request to the Clerk of Circuit Court for the county where the divorce decree was granted. The Maryland State Archives also has divorce records  for Baltimore City and several counties into the 1980s for some jurisdiction. More US Vital Records - Choose a State

Marketing strategies being implemented by Contiki Australia Case Study

Marketing strategies being implemented by Contiki Australia - Case Study Example Introduction Contiki Australia is a coach tour organization established in the year 1962. Major aim of the organization is to provide organised fun and adventurous tours targeted for the youth aged between 18 and 35. This part of the essay will determine the image of Contiki. Discussion The organization provides their target customers the value of an adventurous and organized trip enriched with tours, activities and flexible optional excursions. The image the organization portrays to its group of target customers is of an organization that provides young and energetic individual hassle free tours full of adventures and fun. The organization provides diversified services to its customers. Travel is known as high involvement activity. The company website of Contiki provides key information on its travel tips, tours, videos, FAQs, virtual community, newsletters and competitions. The organization reviewed several aspects in order to motivate and attract young travellers. Generation Y is considered as internet generation. Youth members of generation Y have a powerful sense of autonomy and independence. Therefore, the organization effectively implemented online marketing strategy in late 1970s to attract the young individuals. The company website is very popular with its specific niche market as they provide key information about several tour packages and services. The organization is popular among its target audiences. According to the young target audiences, the organization provides unforgettable travel experience. Contiki promises that the organization will help the customers to discover different cultures and meet with new individuals from all over the world. Effective value creation and lead management strategy helped the organization to fulfil the demand of target audiences. According to a survey, the travellers are motivated to experience different things from their home environment. The organization has successfully developed superior value for its target cu stomers. Rigorous understanding of motivation and needs helped the organization to attract young travellers in the highly competitive global marketplace. Major objective of the brand manager of Contiki is to build meaningful and strong bonds between the organizations and its target customers. The executives of the organization used to share several travel stories to captivate and inspire the target customers. These stories avail several common themes, such as fun, adventure and feel good factor. These stories are arbitrated from several travel videos that feature on several social networking sites and company website of Contiki. The organization incites their users to share the gravel experiences. According to the travellers, the organization provides customer oriented products and services to grab significant market share in this competitive global market place. Conclusion Contiki is one of the leading Australia based travel and tour organizations. The organization provides coach t our facilities to the young customers. The organization is very much popular due to several differentiated products and services. Contiki is a significant example of an organization that has developed superior value to the target customers. Question 2 Contiki tour is an Australia based organization that offers holiday and travel packages to several domestic and international customers. Introduction The organization effectively tried to create value for customers through several key marketing strategies and activities. It is true that the organizations need to develop unique strategies in order to sustain in the competitive global market place. This part of the essay will discuss about the marketing activities that have been practiced by Contiki to create value f

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Philosophy - Essay Example America’s Visions Different continents in the world have dissimilar myths about human identity. For instance, in America, the first story is on Emergence, which states that all human being came from a different world and settled in the one they are currently living. The other world, which is the womb, is considered as the earth mother. This emergence is often referred to as giving birth. The midwife in this case is a female who is like a spider woman. In this emergence story, the male human beings are not featured anywhere. In this case, the formation of human beings is often done in dissimilar stages of growth and change. This is necessitated by inner forces in the womb, and finally the people emerge from a hole and eventually settle in their present homes. The ex nihilo story is found in many cultures, America included, which means â€Å"out of nothing†. Human identity is brought about by the thought of a creator who through his dreams and breath was able to form a hu man being. Through the creator’s bodily secretions, they believed that a being would be formed because of that. This is solely from within the creator who does not exist in the physical world. Another story is the world parent, which describes the union of two parents when they are both disjoined from one another. These two parents are referred to as the Sky and the Earth, which describes the male, and female respectively. ... East Asia In East Asia, and particularly Japan, their vision of human identity was similar to the American and Central Asian cultures. At first, there was chaos, and out of it came light that formed the sky. It later formed the earth. Both the sky and the earth formed various creations and it is at this time that the roots of two people Yang and Yin who were male and female respectively begun to grow in the sky and the earth. At this time both of them were united together and they started separating to create a man and another light brought another person who was like him and he taught him to make clothes to cover himself because he was naked. Another version is of how a bird was sent under the water to create a land inside the water where people can live. The bird then went splashing water apart with its feet at the same time creating the earth when people will live. They believe that their ancestor was a bear because of their hairy bodies. They also believe that two people a male a nd a female were sent to the earth and had a son from where they originated. Australia and the Pacific vision A vision on the Australian myths was about analyzing every animal and its features, which included why the emu has long legs, why the snake has no legs and the reason why the koala has no tail among others. They tell of the formation of the Milky Way and the migration of animals to Australia. They tell of how the first humans came into existence in the continent and how the beginning came into existence. They believed in a wondrous being that went all over the world creating trees, animals and everything in the world and lastly created human beings. African Vision In

The killer inside me by Jim Thompson and Ceremony by leslie marmon Essay

The killer inside me by Jim Thompson and Ceremony by leslie marmon silko - Essay Example They’ll listen to reason.† Persons in authority need to think what they are doing to help the people? For what they will be remembered for! Are they making a difference by making others live better, richer, and happier? Lou Ford must be thinking on similar lines. He must have done his bit to reform a boy by tendering him proper counseling and yet he accepts the compliments with utter humility. When the boy’s father tells him, â€Å"And always he talks about you—what a good man is Deputy Lou Ford,† he replies, â€Å"I didn’t do anything,† I said. â€Å"Just talked to him. Showed him a little interest. Anyone else could have done as much.†(p.4)Normally the suffering (or guilt) that one undergoes leaves an impact on the disposition of the man and his dealing with the people with whom he interacts. Though the people considered Lou a bit slow, it was on account of his sickness when he was younger and many people did not know about it. Lou is a sociopath and he is aware of it. Therefore his conversations are a bit philosophical. He is desperately trying to hide his â€Å"sickness† that he carries since his childhood, now threatening to resurface. So, the above conversations need to be understood in the context that Lou is a psychopath, and he is trying to wear the mask of simplicity on his real face.

Multilateral Diplomacy: The Preferred Path?

Multilateral Diplomacy: The Preferred Path? When states are confronted with diplomatic challenges or in the conduct of their foreign policy, international actors make use of several types of foreign policy strategy: multilateral, bilateral and unilateral. For the purpose of this essay, this paper will focus only on multilateral and bilateral diplomacy. Multilateral and bilateral diplomacy are sometimes seen as twines from the same destiny, for example the European Union constitutes an emerging diplomatic order in which multilateralism and bilateralism are intertwined and bilateralism, whilst constituting a significant component of this multilateral order, is at the same time being re-situated within it and policy areas re-located from predominantly bilateral to the multilateral framework or a mixed bi-multilateral set of processes (Keukeleire,2000: 4-5 cited in Batora and Hocking, 2008:14). The rise of multilateral diplomacy can be traced back to the nineteenth century when the concert of Europe sat around the table together a t the congress of Vienna. Yet this diplomacy, developed in its full form in the twentieth century with the creation of the League of Nations in the aftermath of the First World War and with the United Nations, embodiment of multilateral diplomacy, born after the Second World War (Moore, 2012:1). Today, the UN has a worldwide membership and the global landscape is peppered with economic and regional institutions that are multilateral in nature, such as World Trade Organisation, the International Monetary Fund, the European Union and the G20 (Moore, 2012:1). For the purpose of this essay, this paper, first and foremost seeks to define the terms bilateral and multilateral diplomacy respectively. The paper will examine whether multilateral diplomacy is the preferred path for larger states. It will then proceed to examine if bilateral diplomacy still have a role to play. Multilateralism will be discussed from a realist and neoliberals perspective. The paper will also look at bilateral diplomacy in a multilateral context using North Korea as an example. This paper will finally draw a conclusion, by arguing that both multilateral and bilateral diplomacy have various roles to play, multilateral diplomacy is the preferred path for larger states. DEFINITION OF BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY On one hand bilateral diplomacy is characterised by a-sometimes asymmetric-focus on the goal of two actors. It usually means the consensual handling of bilateral relations between two sovereign states. Equal sovereign states are the central actors in the relationship, and any conduct of the relationship needs consensual will from both sides (Klein, Reiners, Zhimin, Junbo, and Slosarcik, 2010:6-20). On the other hand, multilateral diplomacy is defined as a situation where three or more actors are engaged in voluntary and (more or less) institutionalised co-operation governed by norms and principles, with rules that apply (more or less) equally to all (Klein, Reiners, Zhimin, Junbo, and Slosarcik, 2010:7). Furthermore, multilateral diplomacy is viewed as a process linked with norms and ideals about greater international justice, legal equality (or at least non-discrimination) and legitimacy. It is not solely about the number of participating states (Johnson, 2009:56). Moreover, it is defined as the management of international relations among three or more states through diplomatic or representatives without the services of a specialised secretariat (Diplomats, 2009:1). According to Moore, multilateral diplomacy is academically defined as diplomacy conducted via conferences attended by three or more states on the basis of generalised rules of conduct, while a UN envoy has defined it in simpler terms, depicting the diplomatic form as a bunch of countries pushing their own barrows but in the one room (Moore, 2012:1). For the purpose of this essay, this paper defines multilateral diplomacy as a collective, cooperative action by states when necessary in concert with non- state actors-to deal with common challenges and problems when these are best managed collectively at the internal level. In other words, it is the negotiations and discussions which allow these collective and cooperative actions between states and non-states (Cockburn, 2012:1). IS MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY THE PREFERRED PATH FOR LARGER STATES The growing importance of multilateral diplomacy is a phenomenon of the 21st century, partly because the 21st century has thrown up problems which are universal in nature such as human rights, the international control of disease, the international flow of capital and information, humanitarian assistance, labour rights, trade, natural environmental issues with transnational fall-out and environmental issues of an international nature (Cockburn, 2012:1). The above mentioned problems supersede national sovereignty and this have required some form other and above bilateral diplomacy in order to address them (Cockburn, 2012:1). However, a mounting backlash against globalisation is mingling with widespread loss of faith in the multilateral system- with the conspicuous gap between expectations and outcomes in Copenhagen being merely the latest example. This matters a great deal, because if publics believe that cooperation doesnt work, governments will have greater difficulty marshalling the political will or financial resources to carry out multilateral solutions (Jones, 2010:4). Critiques of multilateral diplomacy argued that multilateral agreements will have to target ambiguous and sometimes elusive common denomination of the many national interests involved and this tends to the lowest common denominator of all the countries involved as a result of the need to reach a political consensus among the participants (Reich, 2009:13).The negotiation and drafting process is usually decided by the large and powerful countries, whereas the small countries have almost no ability to influence the outcome of multilater al negotiation (Reich, 2009:13). Again in a multilateral agreement, it is extremely difficult to reach the necessary consensus in order to conclude such an agreement and therefore in many cases it remains a desirable, but unattainable goal (Reich, 2009:17). Additionally, the US, Russia and China all fail to recognise the international criminal court, thus this drastically reducing its power. Also the most published fight against global warming appears to have been brought to a halt by the failure of the major powers to sign up to the Kyoto protocol (Cockburn, 2012:4). Cockburn again argued that multitude of multilateral treaties concerning weapons of war have ended up very little of what they promised because of major powers refusing to sign them. These are black marks against the name multilateral diplomacy and there are cases where rather than recognising a common good and making concessions on all sides, national interest have triumphed (Cockburn, 2012:4). Although achieving broadly multilateral efforts admittedly has its own set of obstacles and pitfalls, but it also has benefits that are inherently is not possible for any nation, even the United States to, achieve when it acts without others or even with a select few (Jentleson, 2003-4:9). For the purpose of this essay, this paper argues that multilateral diplomacy is the preferred path for larger states. The global war against terrorism has only proven the importance of multilateral cooperation. Much of the successes that have been achieved thus far in the war on terrorism has been through broad multilateral cooperation on a number of lower-profile fronts such as intelligence sharing, border security, economic sanctions and law enforcement (Jentleson,2003-4:9; Rademaker, 2006:1). Multilateral diplomacy, has a comparative advantage, by which different nations, relevant international institutions, and nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) all bring to bear their complementary expertise based on their own historical experience, traditional relationships, and policy emphasis (Jentleson, 2003-4:9). The redistribution of power on a global scale pushed by the emergence of new centres of power and the urgency of global challenges (the financial crisis, climate change, maritime security, to name a few) highlights the need for a multilateral diplomacy that deliver global public goods and contain emerging rivalries (Policy brief, 2011:2). As stated by Jones, the 9/11 attacks on the United States intensified multilateral cooperation both through formal and informal institutions, to tackle a range of transnational threats (Jones, 2012:2). Furthermore, there are a category of circumstances which may require only multilateral action through multilateral diplomacy. One example of such is the fight against international money laundry. This fight cannot be handle by a single state due to its nature. However, it has been successfully carried out by a multilateral strategy aimed a t all countries with no exceptions. It is done through a multilateral body named the Financial Action Tax Force (FATF) (Reich, 2009:22) Moreover, multilateral agreements, through multilateral diplomacy offer of course the advantage of lower transaction costs in one central negotiation and drafting process that results in the binding of all the parties to mutual obligation to one another (Reich, 2009:25). And other reason to prefer multilateral action is in circumstances where bilateral action will give unique advantages to the stronger party to the negotiation, and lead to suboptimal outcomes either from a distributive justice or efficiency perspective. In such situations multilateral negotiations that allow weaker countries-such as developing and least developed countries- the possibility to coordinate their positions and bargain collectively with the stronger countries may lead to better results (Reich, 2009:26). This paper argues that in an increasingly interdependent and globalised world, multilateral diplomacy is of value more so ever before in its history. The UN, if reformed accordingly, will continue to be used as a viable multilateral channel to counter fresh global challenges which confront not just a few states but all states (Moore, 2012:1). To further demonstrate how important multilateral diplomacy is to larger states, in his 2010 national security strategy, President Obama acknowledged the fact that the US had been successful after the second world war by pursuing their interest within multilateral forums such as the United Nations and not outside of them( Moore, 2012:2). The global financial crisis of 2008 and the European Unions sovereign debt crisis have demonstrated just how interdependent the economies of the western world are and this crisis has created an age of austerity in which multilateralism is needed ever than before (Moore, 2012:2). With the United States now working multilaterally through the UN and with the onset of a multipolar world, it appears that multilateral diplomacy will continue to be relevant in the 21st century, with the United Nations as the foremost institution for international cooperation. This position has restored UN credibility and revitalised multilateral diplomacy (Moore, 2012:3). The increasingly global nature of the threats that the world faces and the interdependency that is present amongst states shows that multilateral diplomacy remains and will continue to remain, relevant in the 21st century (Moore, 2012:3).The Libya campaign and the efforts to counter Irans nuclear threat are perfect examples of multilateral diplomacy being used effectively in a post 9/11 world. By taking all of these factors into account, it is therefore logical to concur with G.R. Berridge that multilateral diplomacy is here to stay (Moore, 2012:3). DOES BILATERAL DIPLOMACY STILL HAVE A ROLE TO PLAY The past few years have witnessed an outburst of bilateral diplomacy and treaties signed in the field of international law, in general, and in international trade in particular (Reich, 2009:1). Even the United States of America a former champion of multilateralism, which only in 1985 signed its first bilateral free trade agreement (with Israel), has been in a signing spree of such bilateral agreements, with the count now standing on no less than 37 countries with which the US has signed or is in the process of negotiating an (FTA) (Reich, 2009:1). Accordingly, in the field of international investment protection, the attempt by the OECD to create a multilateral investment agreement (MAI) failed in 1998, instead around 2009 we had some 2,750 bilateral investment treaties (BITs), with the number constantly on the rise (Reich, 2009:2). In certain instances, bilateral relations, including the formation of free trade zones, were described as a supplement to the multilateral negotiations on the liberalisation of the trade and the programme explicitly referred to trade relations with the US, Canada and Korea (Czech Republic, 2009:28). Bilateral arrangements also free states from multilateral rules and the demands of diffuse reciprocity; it allows states to obtain benefits from their relationships with weaker states (Klein, Reiners, Zhimin, Junbo and Slosarcik, 2010:22). Furthermore, bilateral-policies enacted by two parties are relatively easy. Simple negotiations reveal what each party wants and does not want. They can quickly resolve differences and move ahead with policy (Jones, 2011:1). Despite all the benefits associated with bilateral diplomacy, this paper still argues that multilateral diplomacy is the preferred path for larger states. As the world becomes smaller through advances in technology and communications, and the more independent the world becomes, the further multilateral diplomacy will develop as a vehicle for international cooperation on major global issues. Regional diplomacy is beginning to develop further with the creation, in the last decades of organisations such as the African Union, the continued enlargement and integration of the European Union after 9/11, and established organisations such as NATO and the Arab League remaining prevalent (Moore, 2012:2). MULTILATERALISM, REALISM AND NEOLIBERALISM Both realist and neoliberals make the assumption that states can be treated as unitary, rational actors pursuing their interests in an anarchic international system (Johnson, 2006:57). For the realist, the international system is portrayed as a brutal arena where states look for opportunities to take advantage of each other, and therefore have little reason to trust each other. Daily life is essentially a struggle for power, where each state strives not only to be the most powerful actor in the system, but also to ensure that no other state achieves that lofty position (Mearsheimer, 1995:9). However, realisms anarchy problematique is outdated, and multilateralism needs to address the more substantive-global problematique of trans-border human security challenges, such as poverty, pollution, climate change, terrorism, drugs, crime and violence- not just state security but human security (Johnson, 2006:57) Realists frame the world in terms of sovereign states competing to maximise their power and individual security. Multilateralism is viewed as a kind of mechanism through which states that rely on self-help can cooperate on the basis of temporarily shared interest (Johnson, 2006:58). Furthermore, the realists consider that the practices, processes and outcomes of multilateralism essentially reflect the participating states power and interest which may shift overtime. By contrast, neoliberals see the institution itself playing a role in embedding norms and practices that integrate themselves in further multilateral practice and institutions, in the neoliberal view, even if the realist are correct in believing that anarchy constrains the willingness to cooperate, states nevertheless can work together and can do so especially with the assistance of institutions (Johnson, 2006:59). MULTILATERALISM VERSUS BILATERALISM: THE CASE OF NORTH KOREA When assessing negotiation approaches for global problems such as nuclear proliferation, it is convenient to assume the liberalist stance of multilateral diplomacy. The commonly cited indispensible element of any negotiation would be to involve all the parties with interests (Diplomats, 2009:1).There are other reasons why multilateral diplomacy such as the six-party talks seems to make sense. Instruments of diplomacy such as economic sanctions and diplomatic pressure are thought to be weaker unless applied multilaterally and there is also the likelihood that a number of bilateral negotiations, where there are conflicting goals, can derail an ongoing multilateral diplomatic effort (Diplomats, 2009:1-2). For the purpose of this essay, this paper suggests that it is better to think multilateral and act bilateral. The bilateral discussions must pre-empt any multilateral talks especially when the North Korean leaderships shows interest to talk. This could be in a series of bilateral meetings (Park, 2005:75-91). A combination of bilateral and multilateral negotiation strategies is the essence of progress in North Korea. The focus however should be on bilateral negotiations that pre-empt framework that suggest Thinking multilaterally and acting bilaterally. This reduces the impact of perceived weaknesses of bilateral approaches such as less effective sanctions and conflicting goals and methods. As long as the overriding multilateral framework has transparency and is cloaked by efficient reporting, no issues of isolation, belligerence or lack of consensus would arise (Diplomat, 2009:3-4). CONCLUSION Having critically examined, whether multilateral diplomacy is the preferred path for larger states, and whether bilateral diplomacy still have a role to play, looked at multilateralism from a realist and neoliberals perspective, and made a thorough examination of the two diplomatic approaches, this paper arrives at a conclusion. The position of this paper remains that in as much as bilateral diplomacy has a role to play, multilateral diplomacy remains the most effective diplomatic strategy in confronting current global threats.

Evening With A Pagan :: essays research papers

An Evening with the Pagans~ A brief history of paganism~ Over 25,000 years ago, our ancestors across the continent practiced an ancient form of religion known as paganism. During the Neolithic and Paleolithic time era, our ancestors were in awe of the great manifestations of nature. Due to lack of scientific thought, they were riddled with ignorance and superstition. Everything had a supernatural explanation. They associated each naturalistic phenomena with a type of god, inscribing inanimate objects with life -like characteristics .This practice is referred to as animism. Every element ,be it thunder ,rain or the sun ,was thought to be a god (or goddess) within it. Eventually their gods became an object of worship   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  known as polytheism. Eventually many forms of polytheism evolved to what is known as paganism. Modern Paganism Now defined as :The worship of a god or goddess whose roots are in pre-Christian Western Europe. Modern paganism is alive and well today. It consists of many sub-divisions .These include ~Wicca ,druidism Santeria and many others. Wicca focuses on the worship of a god and goddess .In Wicca ,there is a plethora of pantheon of deities that one can choose from including: Greek, Norse ,roman etc...... Focusing on a Greek Wiccan tradition ,this will be describing the pagan festival of Hectare. The Festival of Hecate The festival of Hecate is celebrated between the 3rd and 4th Saturday of August. (which ever is closest to the new moon) It is in honor of the Greek goddess Hecate. She was first worshipped in ancient Greece -called the triple goddess of magic. She is often represented in triple form ; maiden (youth) ,mother (fertility) and crone (the wise woman). In ancient Rome ,she was known as trevia ,the cross road with three paths. Hecate is symbolized by the phases of the moon. Each attribute correlates with a particular phase of the moon. The waxing moon (maiden),the full moon (mother) and the new moon( crone). The Ceremony~ Upon arrival at the festival in Georgetown Delaware, everyone gathers for the lecture. This is to educate the newcomers as to what the ceremony entails. The ceremony is always rehearsed before it is performed. After the lecture ,there is a large potluck feast to keep everyone energized for the evenings festivities. The processional~ When the sun sets, the processional begins. With everyone in their appropriate magical attire,(consisting of a robe and jewelry) everyone lines up proceeds with the first phase. This is called consecration- each person is consecrated . This is done by covering the body in incense smoke and sprinkling of water. This is a purification process that cleanses the body of negative

50 Years from Now

What will life be like 50 years from now? In the future, we will be having many different changes, some predictable and some a complete mystery to us. In 50 years we may have a complete breakthrough in medicine. Cancer, aids, and all sorts of ilnesses may be cured. We might even discover a new life form from another planet. There is just so much we can do in 50 years and predictions must be made.In 50 years we will have the ability to go outer space without need of all the training that astronauts nowadays require, and our cars will be nothing like how they are today because within 50 years the world as we know it will be completely different. Life in fifty years will be a lot different then it is now. In most people’s eyes they see the world having flying cars and floating houses, but the way I see it, it’s a lot different. In 50 years we might not have fresh air to breathe or clean water to drink.If humans don’t stop burning oil and coal, the greenhouse gases i nto the atmosphere are about to cause extremely high temperatures and the coldest places on Earth might one day have the best climate for humans. In conclusion, the greatest minds of this planet are saying the possibilities of what can happen in 50 years is endless. There are just way too many theories and too many possibilities to account for. It seems that 50 years from now, it will be a completely different world than it is from the world we live in now .

Respiration System of Animal

1. Respiration System of animal: The respiration system is important to all animals, this system interacts others system in our body to provide energy and maintain life. Animals inbreathe oxygen, the body though metabolic process to produce ATP (energy source) and carbon dioxide, finally, carbon dioxide would be exhaled to animal body. Operation System in company: Company provides some resources such as place, money, human resource. Managers operate the activities in the company and make decisions. The output in this system is the profit or loss of the company. . A firm can survive and succeed in the long run if it successfully develops strategies to confront 5 competitive forces that shape the structure of competition in its industry. These include rivalry of competitors within its industry, threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of customers and bargaining power of suppliers. Some competitive strategies can be used to minimize the competitive force: cost le adership strategy, differentiation strategy, innovation strategy, growth strategies and alliance strategies. . The more suitable hardware peripherals for input in a retail operation are touch screen and optical scanning. The touch screen can provide a more user friendly interface to the staffs, even though they have less computer knowledge. Also, optical scanning can provide the faster and easier usage. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and matrix printers are suitable for a retail operation, because LCD provide a thin, flat display to use less space. Furthermore, matrix printers can use less time to make some copies in the same time. In using the secondary storage for a retail operation, hard disk drives are more suitable. Hard disk drives allow higher speeds, greater data-recording densities, and closer tolerances within a sealed, more stable environment. Nowadays, the capacity of hard drives is up to many terabytes of storage, it can use less space to save more data in one hard disk drive.

The Life of Christine De Pisan

The Life of Christine De Pisan Free Online Research Papers Few can rival Christine de Pisan’s success in writing. A woman in the early 1300’s and late 1400’s, she challenged the social standards of women in France. Her unprecedented work showed critics that women are just as intelligent as men, and are entitled to their own political opinions. De Pisan was born in 1363, the daughter of Tommaso di Benvenuto da Pizzano, an Italian scholar. He was an appointed scholar and physician of the court of Charles V of France. In 1369, a very young De Pisan and her mother moved to live with him, where he taught her many subjects such as literature and the sciences, despite her mother’s opposition. She also had access to the family’s expansive library. In 1389, De Pisan wed Etienne du Castel, a lesser member of the French court that her father had known since she was a born. Though she was only fifteen years old, and he was twenty-four, they shared a marriage of mutual respect for one another. Castel supported De Pisan and encouraged her academic growth. The couple had three children; a daughter in 1381 who would later become a nun, a son who died in infancy, and a second son in 1385 who was raised by the Earl of Salisbury. In 1380, tragedy struck Christine de Pisan and her family. Charles V died and her father was dismissed from the French court. Not long afterwards, he grew ill and passed away. In 1389, her husband died of the bubonic plague. The death of her father and husband left De Pisan with several debts and two children to support. Rather than remarry, Christine de Pisan chose instead to use writing to support herself. During this time, intellectuals of the period popularized an argument on the role of women in society. Christine de Pisan wrote several responses on this argument, among which were the slightly humorous The Epistle to the God of Love, The Tale of the Rose, and possibly her most influential work, The City of Ladies. The City of Ladies was a collection of the stories of notable women in history, as well as a discussion on he role of women in society and their lack of education. Her later writings focused almost entirely on politics of the time. She frequently wrote of restoring peace to the French kingdom. De Pisan’s last work was a narrative account on Joan of Arc, celebrating her achievements at Orleans, as well as praising her dedication to Christianity. In 1431, Christine de Pisan passed away at the age of ninety-six. She is considered one of the greatest writers of the time period and the first feminist author, a well-deserved title. Research Papers on The Life of Christine De PisanQuebec and CanadaThe Fifth HorsemanBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 219 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe